2015年衛(wèi)生職稱英語(yǔ)備考語(yǔ)法:被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的形式
被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)是由be (助動(dòng)詞)+過去分詞(及物動(dòng)詞)構(gòu)成。be隨主語(yǔ)的人稱、時(shí)態(tài)和數(shù)的不同而變化。現(xiàn)將被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的各種時(shí)態(tài)形式列表如下(以provide為例)
一般時(shí)態(tài) | 進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài) | 完成時(shí)態(tài) | |
現(xiàn)在 | am provided is provided are provided |
am being providedis being providedare being provided |
has been providedhave been provided |
過去 | was provided were provided |
was being provided were being provided |
had been provided |
將來(lái) | shall be provided will be provided |
shall have been provided will have been provided |
|
過去將來(lái) | should be provided would be provided |
should have been provided would have been provided |
紅色結(jié)構(gòu)是在職稱英語(yǔ)考試中常出現(xiàn)的結(jié)構(gòu)。
注:
①在美語(yǔ)中,will和would可用于各種人稱。
②被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的一般疑問句和否定句的構(gòu)成:構(gòu)成一般疑問句時(shí),將主語(yǔ)后的第一個(gè)助動(dòng)詞提至句首; 構(gòu)成否定句時(shí),將not加在第一個(gè)助動(dòng)詞后。例如:
Natural gas has been found in this area.(肯定句)
Has natural gas been found in this area?(疑問句)
Natural gas has not been found in this area.(否定句)
③帶有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成:由情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can,may,must等加助動(dòng)詞be,再加過去分詞構(gòu)成。這些情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化。如:
Such shops can be seen everywhere in the city.
The composition must be finished next week.
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