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第六部分：完型填空 （每題1分，共15分）

閱讀下面的短文，文中有15處空白，每處空白給出了4個選項，請根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容從4個選項中選擇1個最佳答案，并涂在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。

Dark Forces Dominate Universe

The Earth，moon，sun and all visible stars in the sky make up less than one percent of the universe．Almost all the rest is dark matter and dark energy, unknown _1_ that puzzleastronomers．

Observations in recent years have changed the basic understanding of how the universeevolved and have emphasized for astronomers how little is known _2_ the major forces andsubstances that shaped our world．

Astronomers now know that luminous matter-stars．planets and hot gas – _3_ only about 0.4 percent of the universe．Non．1uminous components．such as black holes and intergalacticgas，make up 3.6 percent．The rest is either dark matter, about 23 percent，or dark energy, about 73 percent．

Dark matter, sometimes called “cold dark matter,” has been known for some _4_. Only recently have researchers come to understand the pivotal role it _5_ in the formation of stars．planets and even people．

“We owe our very existence to dark matter,” said physicist Paul Steinhardt and a co-author of a review on dark matter which appeared not long _6_ in the journal Science．

Steinhardt said it is believed that following the Big Bang，the theoretical _7_ of the universe，dark matter caused particles to clump together．That set up the gravitation processes that led to the formation of stars and galaxies．Those stars，in turn，created the basic chemicals，such as carbon and iron．that were _8_ to the evolution of life．

“Dark matter dominated the formation of structure in the early universe．”Steinhardt said．“For the first few billion years dark matter contained _9_ of the mass of the universe．You can think of ordinary matter as a froth of an Ocean of dark matter．The dark matter clumps and the ordinary matter falls into it．That led to the _10_ of the stars and galaxies．”

Without dark matter,“there _11_ be virtually no structures in the universe．”

The nature of dark matter is _12_．It cannot be seen or detected _13_ ．Astronomers know it is there because of its effect on celestial objects than can be seen and measured．

But the most dominating force Of _14_ in the universe is called dark energy．a(chǎn) recently proven power that astronomers say is causing the galaxies in the universe to separate at a faster and faster speed．

One scientist said it is clear now _15_ dark matter and dark energy engaged in a gravitational tug of war that，eventually，dark energy won．

詞匯：

intergalactic／adj．銀河間的 gravitation／n．地心吸力，萬有引力

pivotal／adj．關(guān)鍵的 froth／n．泡沫

owe／v．把……歸功于 celestial／adj．天體的

clump／v．凝聚成塊

1． A)space B)movement C)forces D)speed

2． A)about B)in C)for D)witllin

3． A)waits for B)longs for C)accounts for D)looks for

4． A)schedule B)time C)duration D)period

5． A)displayed B)delayed C)relayed D)played

6． A)previously B)back C)before D)ago

7． A)beginning B)changing C)combining D)ending

8． A)universal B)additional C)fundamental D)structural

9． A)many B)most C)little D)few

10． A)detection B)formation C)revolution D)separation

11． A)would B)must C)shall D)should

12． A)unchecked B)unlocked C)unknown D)unmeasured

13． A)personally B)accurately C)formally D)directly

14． A)all B)total C)overall D)sum

15． A)when B)that C)how D)what

參考答案:

1． C dark matter和dark energy都是forces，其他三個選項意思都搭不上。第二段討論同一話題時用了the major forces，更說明選forces的正確性。

2． A know little(／something／much)about是固定搭配，被動態(tài)就是little is known about.

3． C 本題要填account for(占……份額)，因?yàn)楹竺娼拥氖?．4 percent。wait f_or(等待)， long for(渴望)和look for(尋找)與0．4 percent都搭不上。

4． B 從意義上判斷，本題用的詞組應(yīng)該是for some time。英語很少使用for some schedule， for some duration這種搭配。習(xí)慣上說for some period oftime。不說for some period。

5．D play a role in是固定搭配。display(陳列)，delay(延誤)，relay(接力傳送)意思搭配不上。職稱英語考試8

6．D 謂語動詞用的是過去式appeared，只有說not long ago才對。before只胄黲飾發(fā)生在過去動作之前的另一個動作。試比較：

He saw her three days ago．、

(錯旬：He saw herthreedays before．)

He said he had seen her three days before．

(錯旬：He saidhe had seen her three days ago．)

7． A 前面出現(xiàn)Big Bang(宇宙大爆炸)，只有填入beginning上下文的意思才連貫。

8． C 從意義上判斷，本題填的應(yīng)該是important，fundamental，necessary之類的形容詞。

9． B 若能理解下文的You can think of ordinary matter as a froth of an ocean of dark matter，就知道選little或few是不對。matter是不可數(shù)名詞，不能用many修飾。選most在用法上、意思上都是正確的。

10．B 本段第一句是Dark matter dominated the formation of structure in the early universe．中間幾句屬擴(kuò)展部分。最后一句為結(jié)論句，內(nèi)容與第一句相呼應(yīng)，所以選formation

11．A “Without…，would”是虛擬語氣的常用句型。

12．C 本段第二旬說Itcannotbe seen ordetected…據(jù)此判斷，第一句中應(yīng)該填unknown。

13．D 本段第三句說從暗物質(zhì)對天體產(chǎn)生的效應(yīng)能推斷暗物質(zhì)的存在。據(jù)此，本題要填directly。

14．A 最高級adj．+復(fù)數(shù)n．+of a11”是固定搭配。據(jù)此，本題要填all。

15．B 本題要求填入引導(dǎo)主語從句的連詞that。其他三個選項，意思與上下文都接不上。